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Journal Articles

View peer-reviewed research by Stanford GSB faculty, published in leading journals across the business disciplines.

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View scholarly works-in-progress by Stanford GSB faculty, which often appear in final form in academic journals.

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Journal Article

Perspective—The Flaring of Intellectual Outliers: An Organizational Interpretation of the Generation of Novelty in the RAND Corporation

Mie Augier, James G. March, Andrew W. Marshall
Organizational Science July2015 Vol. 26 Issue 4 Pages 1140-1161.

Much of intellectual history is punctuated by the flaring of intellectual outliers, small groups of thinkers who briefly, but decisively, influence the development of ideas, technologies, policies, or worldviews. To understand the flaring of…

Stanford Closer Look

Pro Forma Compensation: Useful Insight or Window Dressing?

David F. Larcker, Brian Tayan, Youfei Xiao
Stanford Closer Look Series July2015

In recent years, companies have begun to voluntarily disclose alternative measures of CEO compensation. These figures differ — sometimes significantly — from those reported in the summary compensation tables of the annual proxy. The motivation to…

Journal Article

A Theory of Competitive Partisan Lawmaking

Keith Krehbiel, Adam Meirowitz, Alan Wiseman
Political Science Research and Methods July2015 Vol. 41 Pages 1-26.

Motivated by polar extremes of monopartisanship and nonpartisanship in existing literature on parties in legislatures, we introduce and analyze a more moderate theory of competitive partisan lawmaking. The distinguishing feature of competitive…

Journal Article

Universal Cognitive Mechanisms Explain the Cultural Success of Bloodletting

Helena Miton, Nicolas Claidière, Hugo Mercier
Evolution and Human Behavior July2015 Vol. 36 Issue 4 Pages 303–312.

Bloodletting — the practice of letting blood out to cure a patient — was for centuries one of the main therapies in the west. We lay out three potential explanations for bloodletting’s cultural success:

  • it was efficient,
  • it…
Journal Article

When Norms Loom Larger than the Self: Susceptibility of Preference–Choice Consistency to Normative Influence across Cultures

Krishna Savani, Monica Wadhwa, Yukiko Uchida, Yu Ding, N.V.R. Naidu
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes July2015 Vol. 129 Pages 70–79.

The present research investigated a novel account of how normative influence varies across culture — whether there exist cultural differences in the motivation to adhere to social norms even when similar norms are prevalent across cultures.…

Working Paper

Who Wants Affordable Housing in their Backyard? An Equilibrium Analysis of Low Income Property Development

Rebecca Diamond, Timothy James McQuade
July2015

We estimate the spillovers of properties financed by the Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) onto surrounding neighborhood residents. We nonparametrically estimate the impact of LIHTC development on nearby house prices by developing a new…

Working Paper

Why Do CEOs Hold Equity?

Christopher S. Armstrong, John E. Core, Wayne R. Guay
July2015

U.S. CEOs hold a large amount of equity that is not explicitly constrained by ownership guidelines or vesting requirements. Although the average CEO receives a risk premium in his annual pay for holding unconstrained equity, most CEOs hold more…

Journal Article

The Complexity of Computing the Random Priority Allocation Matrix

Daniela Saban, Jay Sethuraman
Mathematics of Operations Research June172015 Vol. 40 Issue 4 Pages 1005-1014.

The random priority (RP) mechanism is a popular way to allocate n objects to n agents with strict ordinal preferences over the objects. In the RP mechanism, an ordering over the agents is selected uniformly at random; the…

Working Paper

Hiring the Right Employees: Trial Employment, Social Networks, and Post-Entry Outcomes

June82015

Research suggests that finding and hiring the right workers may be as important to firms as managing workers after they join organizations.  However, hiring the right workers is difficult.  In this paper trial employment is examined as…

Journal Article

Selfish Third Parties Act as Peacemakers by Transforming Conflicts and Promoting Cooperation

Nir Halevy, Eliran Halali
(PNAS) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America June22015 Vol. 112 Issue 22 Pages 6937–6942.

The tremendous costs of conflict have made humans resourceful not only at warfare but also at peacemaking. Although third parties have acted as peacemakers since the dawn of history, little is known about voluntary, informal third-party…

Journal Article

How “Organization” Can Weaken the Norm of Reciprocity: The Effects of Attributions for Favors and a Calculative Mindset

Peter Belmi, Jeffrey Pfeffer
Academy of Management Discoveries June12015 Vol. 1 Issue 1 Pages 36-57.

Why are employee loyalty and effort sometimes not reciprocated by employers? Five experimental studies tested the hypothesis that people feel less obligated to reciprocate in an organizational as contrasted with a personal context. Studies 1A and…

Journal Article

Automatic Personality Assessment Through Social Media Language

Gregory Park, Andrew H. Schwartz, Johannes C. Eichstaedt, Margaret Kern, Michal Kosinski, David J Stillwell, Lyle H Ungar, Martin E. P. Seligman
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology June2015 Vol. 108 Issue 6 Pages 934–952.

Language use is a psychologically rich, stable individual difference with well-established correlations to personality. We describe a method for assessing personality using an open-vocabulary analysis of language from social media. We compiled…

Working Paper

Exact P-values for Network Interference

Susan Athey, Dean Eckles, Guido W. Imbens
June2015

We study the calculation of exact p-values for a large class of non-sharp null hypotheses about treatment effects in a setting with data from experiments involving members of a single connected network. The class includes null hypotheses that…

Journal Article

Pre-Entry Contacts and the Generation of Nascent Networks in Organizations

Adina Sterling
Organization Science June2015 Vol. 26 Issue 3 Pages 650–667.

This paper investigates the impact of individuals’ social ties at organizational entry on the formation of intraorganizational networks. When individuals enter organizations with one or more preentry relationships in place, I argue they form more…

Journal Article

Pressed for Time? Goal Conflict Shapes How Time Is Perceived, Spent, and Valued

Jennifer Aaker, Jordan Etkin, Ioannis Evangelidis
Journal of Marketing Research June2015 Vol. 52 Issue 3 Pages 394-406.

Why do consumers often feel pressed for time? This research provides a novel answer to this question: consumers’ subjective perceptions of goal conflict. The authors show that beyond the number of goals competing for consumers’ time,…

Journal Article

Seeking Lasting Enjoyment with Limited Money: Financial Constraints Increase Preference for Material Goods over Experiences

Stephanie M. Tully, Hal E. Hershfield, Tom Meyvis
Journal of Consumer Research June2015 Vol. 42 Issue 1 Pages 59-75.

Consumers with limited discretionary money face important trade-offs when deciding how to spend it. In the current research, we suggest that feelings of financial constraint increase consumers’ concern about the lasting utility of their purchases…

Working Paper

Do Short-Sellers Profit from Mutual Funds? Evidence from Daily Trades

Salman Arif , Azi Ben-Rephael , Charles M. C. Lee
May212015

Daily mutual fund (MF) flows are highly persistent and price-destabilizing, and short-sellers (SSs) trade strongly in the opposite direction to these flows. This negative relation is associated with the expected component of MF flows (based on…

Working Paper

When is Distress Risk Priced? Evidence from Recessionary Failure Prediction

Maria Ogneva, Joseph D. Piotroski, Anastasia A. Zakolyukina
May182015

This paper introduces a new measure of firm’s exposure to systematic distress risk — the probability of a recession at the time of a firm’s failure. For stocks in the top quintile of the probability of failure, a median hedge portfolio based on…

Journal Article

Are the Recent Declines in Solar PV Module Prices Sustainable?

Anshuman Sahoo, Stefan J. Reichelstein
Stanford Energy Journal May52015 Issue 6

Once dismissed as unrealistically expensive, solar photovoltaic (PV) power has been on a remarkable run lately: according to Bloomberg Professional Service, in comparison to the start of the decade, the annual installations of new solar PV…

Journal Article

A Measure of Robustness to Misspecification

Susan Athey, Guido W. Imbens
American Economic Review May12015 Vol. 105 Issue 5 Pages 476–480.

Researchers often report estimates and standard errors for the object of interest (such as a treatment effect) based on a single specification of a statistical model. We propose a systematic approach to assessing sensitivity to specification. We…