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Networks, Diversity, and Performance: The Social Capital of Corporate R&D Units
Paralleling debates in the social capital literature, existing theory is of two minds regarding the performance implications of demographic diversity. One view sees diversity as problematic for organizational teams because of the strains that…
New Business Ventures and the Entrepreneur (5th edition)
This text, a combination of Harvard cases and text, examines the entrepreneurial process from the initial idea through business operations to harvest. It provides the knowledge and skills required for students pursuing careers as…
Off-Target? An Explanation for Asymetric Effects of Attitude Structure
CONTACT AUTHOR JENNIFER AAKER DIRECTLY FOR PAPER COPIES._x000B__x000B__x000B__x000B_Researchers argue that the effectiveness of cognitive versus affective persuasive appeals depends in part on whether the appeal targets a primarily cognitive or…
On the Uniqueness of Fully Informative Rational Expectations Equilibria
This paper analyzes two equivalent equilibrium notions under asymmetric information: risk neutral rational expectations equilibria (rn-REE), and common knowledge equilibria. We show that the set of fully informative rn-REE is a singleton,…
Optimal Incentive Contracts When Agents Can Save, Borrow, and Default
The standard Principal–Agent (PA) model assumes that the principal can control the agent’s consumption profile. In an intertemporal setting, however, Rogerson (1985, Econometrica53, 69–76) shows that…
Optimal Investment, Growth Options and Security Returns
As a consequence of optimal investment choices, a firm’s assets and growth options change in predictable ways. Using a dynamic model, we show that this imparts predictability to changes in a firm’s systematic risk, and its expected return.…
Optimal Operating Policies for Multi-Plant Stochastic Manufacturing Systems In a Changing Environment
This paper addresses the horizontal coordination between production units located in different countries within a supply chain in a changing environment. Our model incorporates (1) congestion and delay through uncertainties in demand and…
Organizational Roles and Transitions to Entrepreneurship
This paper asks how we can predict entrepreneurship, an individual’s participation in the founding of a new organization. We advance a model that combines aspects of two distinct perspectives on entrepreneurship: the social structural view that…
Perceived Legitimacy as an Implicit and Explicit Moderator of Ingroup and Outgroup Favoritism Among Members of Low Status Groups
It is an assumption shared by social identity theory (Tajfel and Turner, 1986) and system justification theory (Jost and Banaji, 1994) that the perceived legitimacy of status differences moderates the expression of ingroup vs. outgroup favoritism…
Political Conservatism As Motivated Social Cognition
Political conservatism is considered as a special case of motivated social cognition. This perspective helps to integrate three classes of theories: (a) conservatism as a mention of personality (such as authoritarianism, dogmatism, intolerance of…
Property Rights, Finance, and Entrepreneurship
Is investment constrained more by insecure property rights or by limited external finance? For five transition economies in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union we find that weak property rights limit the reinvestment of profits in startup…
Responsibility Tokens in Supply Chain Management
The decentralized supply chain management scheme of Lee and Whang (1999) can be viewed as operationalizing the decentralized management scheme implicit in Clark and Scarf (1960). This paper proposes the use of what are called responsibility…
See’s Candies Japan (A) and (B)
Selling to the News Vendor
Consider selling to a news vendor. A manufacturer markets a product through a retailer who has one opportunity to order before demand is realized. Because of characteristics of the product, norms of the industry, or aspects of the manufacturer-…
Share Repurchases and Intangible Assets
As predicted, firms with more intangible assets are more likely to announce open-market share repurchases and experience more positive announcement returns. Also as predicted, idle cash is positively related to repurchase announcement likelihood…
Shareholder Wealth Effects of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995
The purpose of this study is to measure the effect of the Act on firm value by investigating the reaction of common equity prices to the Act’s passage. Because key events late in the legislative process (i.e., a Presidential veto and subsequent…
A Simple Approach for Deciding when to Invest
A straightforward generalization of the simple net present value rule that correctly predicts when to invest in two classes of projects that can be delayed is derived. The first class consists of projects for which the option to delay derives its…
Skill-Biased Technological Change and Wage Inequality: Evidence From A Plant Retooling
One of the most popular explanations of the increased wage inequality that has occurred since the late 1970s is that technological change has resulted in a downward shift in the demand for low-skill workers. Such a pattern is also alleged to…
Social Creativity as an Heroic Path in World Crisis
Social Dimensions of Consumer Distinctiveness: The Influence of Social Status on Group Identity and Advertising Persuasion
Consumer research using Distinctiveness theory implies that targeted advertisements will be most effective in contexts where the targeted group is a minority. This paper investigates the influence of social status in addition to numeric status.…