Publications

A board of directors requires professionals with a diverse mix of managerial, functional, and other specialized knowledge in order to properly advise and oversee management. This Quick Guide reviews the process by which companies select,…

The board of directors is generally described in terms of its prominent structural attributes, including size, composition, and independence. This Quick Guide examines the importance of these, and whether they contribute to board effectiveness…

A company offer a competitive compensation arrangement in order to attract, retain, and motivate a qualified CEO to manage the organization.

This quick guide examines the elements of executive compensation and the process by which the…

The board of directors is responsible for ensuring that correct management is in place to run the organization. This includes hiring, evaluating, and — when circumstances merit — removing or replacing the chief executive officer.

This…

Advocacy is a topic of increasing import in the attitudes literature, but researchers know little to nothing about how people (i.e., persuaders) choose their targets (i.e., the recipients of their advocacy). Four main experiments and six…

Many U.S. corporations have frozen defined benefit pension plans, replacing new DB promises with contributions to defined contribution plans. We estimate expected DB accruals from the age-service and salary distributions of a large…

Retirement investing in the United States has changed dramatically. The classic defined benefit (DB) plan has largely been replaced by the defined contribution (DC) plan. With the latter, individual employees’ decisions about how much to save for…

There has been tremendous pressure on companies to satisfy stakeholder considerations as part of their long-term planning and governance. This activity is broadly categorized as ESG (environmental, social, and governance). 

This Quick…

A company offers equity incentives to encourage CEOs to take actions that are in the interest of shareholders. At the same time, equity incentives have the potential to encourage undesirable behaviors.

This Quick Guide examines the effects…

We introduce a parsimonious framework for choosing among alternative expected-return proxies (ERPs) when estimating treatment effects. By comparing ERPs’ measurement-error variances in the cross-section and in time series…

The board of directors is responsible for ensuring the integrity of published financial statements. This includes working with management to set the parameters for accounting quality and internal controls, and retaining an external auditor to…

This study reports on the current state-of-affairs in the funding of entrepreneurship and innovations in China and provides a broad survey of academic findings on the subject.  We discuss the implications of these findings for public…

Recent decades have seen increased variability in diverse domains, such as the climate and asset prices. As more resources are required to cope with greater variability in the outside world, exposure to greater variability can make people feel…

This research finds evidence for reliable individual differences in people’s perceived attitude stability that predicts the actual stability of their attitudes over time. Study 1 examines the reliability and factor structure of an 11-…

The governance system that a company adopts is not independent of its environment. Instead, it is shaped by a variety of factors inherent to the business setting. This Quick Guide explains the factors that shape governance systems around the…

Platforms can obtain sizable returns by operationally managing their market thickness, i.e., the availability of supply-side inventory. Using data from a natural experiment on a major B2B auction platform specializing in the $424 billion…

Older Americans, even those who are long retired, have strong willingness to work, especially in jobs with ​flexible schedules. For many, labor force participation near or after normal retirement age is limited more by a lack of…