The Valuation and Return Dynamics of New Ventures

We develop and analyze a model of a multi-stage investment project that captures many features of R&D ventures and start-up companies. An important feature these problems share is that the firm learns about the potential profitability of the project throughout its life, but that technical uncertainty about the research and development effort is only resolved through additional investment by the firm. Consequently, the risks associated with the ultimate cash flows the firm realizes on completion of the project have a systematic component even while the purely technical risks are idiosyncratic. Our model captures these different sources of risk, and allows us to study their interaction in determining the risk premia earned by the venture during development. We show that the systematic risk, and the required risk premium, of the venture are highest early in its life, and decrease as it approaches completion.