Explored perceptual differences between active and passive observers in a conflict situation with 40 female undergraduates as Ss. Results indicate that observers who were engaged in interaction with the actor attributed more behavioral responsibility to the actor and less responsibility to the interaction setting than did passive observers. There was some indication that the judgments of actors made by passive observers evidenced less “correspondence” than did the judgments of active observers. A comparison of the actors’ own perceptions with those made by passive observers revealed that actors, contrary to previous research, attributed more personal responsibility to themselves than did passive observers. It is concluded that the need of the actor to see himself as exercising effective control over his environment mediated the present results as well as those found in previous studies.