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Skill versus Voice in Local Development
Where the state is weak, traditional authorities control the local provision of public goods. These leaders come from an older, less educated generation and often rule in an authoritarian and exclusionary fashion. This means the skills of…
Strategy-Making and Organizational Evolution
This Element presents several frameworks of strategy-making that serve to analyze organizational evolution processes within and beyond the firm. These frameworks form an integrated evolutionary ecological lens to examine the dynamics of strategy-…
The Ambiguity of “We”: Perceptions of Teaming in Dynamic Environments and Their Implications
In healthcare, organizations increasingly call on clinicians and staff to team up fluidly to deliver integrated services across disciplines and settings. Yet little is known about how clinicians and staff perceive of team membership in healthcare…
The Certifier for the Long Run
We build a workhorse model to study the optimal and the equilibrium certifier from a long-run perspective. Firms enter the market, and invest in their capacity to provide quality, before the certification threshold is determined. With a certifier…
The Design of Optimal Pay-as-Bid Procurement Mechanisms
Problem definition: We consider the mechanism design problem of finding an optimal pay-as-bid mechanism in which the platform chooses an assortment of suppliers in order to balance the trade-off between two objectives: providing enough variety to…
The Divergent Effects of Diversity Ideologies for Race and Gender Relations
The present research compares the influence of diversity ideologies on race and gender relations. In contrast to research suggesting that an identity-aware ideology (i.e.,…
The Dynamics of a Policy Outcome: Market Response and Bureaucratic Enforcement of a Policy Change
Policy outcomes are determined not by the words in a statute but by the actions induced in response. Whether a policy succeeds or fails depends on how policy shapes behavior and how that behavior, in turn, shapes the future course of policy. To…
The Principles of Corporate Governance: A Guide to Understanding Concepts of Corporate Governance
A roadmap to understanding the fundamental concepts of corporate governance based on theory, empirical research, and data. This guide takes an in-depth look at the …
Theory of Mind May Have Spontaneously Emerged in Large Language Models
Theory of mind (ToM), or the ability to impute unobservable mental states to others, is central to human social interactions, communication, empathy, self-consciousness, and morality. We tested several language models using 40 classic false-…
Voluntary Disclosure and Personalized Pricing
Firms have ever-increasing access to consumer data, which they use to personalize their advertising and to price discriminate. This raises privacy concerns. Policymakers have argued in response that consumers should be given control over their…
Why Do Predicted Stock Issuers Earn Low Returns?
Predicted stock issuers (PSIs) are firms with expected high-investment and low-profit profiles that earn extremely low returns. We evaluate alternative explanations for this empirical phenomenon. Our results show top-PSI firms are cash-…
You Need Two Leadership Gears
The debate about the best way to lead has been raging for years: Should you empower your people and get out of their way, or take charge and push them to do great work? The answer, say the authors, is to do both. Their research shows…
Building Resilient Inter-Ethnic Peace
The Influence of Heroic Networks
The Influence of Heroic Networks
To what extent can the values of nations be reshaped by heroes? We measure how an exogenous network of heroic individuals helped undermine democratic values and diffused support for…
How Winning (or Losing) a Grammy Changes the Music Artists Make
How do artists respond to status-shifting awards? In examining this question, we focus on the consequences of winning a major Grammy, a high-profile honor in the music recording industry. Using a neural learning approach,…
2022 State of Latino Entrepreneurship
This is the eighth annual State of Latino Entrepreneurship report collecting data from Latino-owned businesses, the fastest growing segment of the U.S. business population. This year, we administered a national survey to more than 10,000 U.S.…
Conformalized Survival Analysis
In this paper, we develop an inferential method based on conformal prediction, which can wrap around any survival prediction algorithm to produce calibrated, covariate-dependent lower predictive bounds on survival times. In the Type I right-…
Election-Denying Republican Candidates Underperformed in the 2022 Midterms
We combine newly collected election data with records of public denials of the results of the 2020 election to estimate the degree to which election-denying Republican candidates for senator, governor, secretary of state, and attorney general…
Flexible and Efficient Contextual Bandits with Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Oracles
Contextual bandit algorithms often estimate reward models to inform decision-making. However, true rewards can contain action-independent redundancies that are not relevant for decision-making. We show it is more data-efficient to estimate any…