Working Papers

These papers are working drafts of research which often appear in final form in academic journals. The published versions may differ from the working versions provided here.

SSRN Research Paper Series

The Social Science Research Network’s Research Paper Series includes working papers produced by Stanford GSB the Rock Center.

You may search for authors and topics and download copies of the work there.

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Contextual Bandits in a Survey Experiment on Charitable Giving: Within-Experiment Outcomes versus Policy Learning

Susan Athey, Undral Byambadalai, Vitor Hadad, Sanath Kumar Krishnamurthy, Weiwen Leung, Joseph Jay Williams
November2022

We design and implement an adaptive experiment (a “contextual bandit”) to learn a targeted treatment assignment policy, where the goal is to use a participant’s survey responses to determine which charity to expose them to in a donation…

Emotion- Versus Reasoning-Based Drivers of Misinformation Sharing: A Field Experiment Using Text Message Courses in Kenya

Susan Athey, Matias Cersosimo, Kristine Koutout, Zelin Li
November2022

Two leading hypotheses for why individuals unintentionally share misinformation are that 1) they are unable to recognize that a post contains misinformation, and 2) they make impulsive, emotional sharing decisions without thinking about whether a…

Policy Learning with Adaptively Collected Data

Ruohan Zhan, Zhimei Ren, Susan Athey, Zhengyuan Zhou
November2022

Learning optimal policies from historical data enables the gains from personalization to be realized in a wide variety of applications. The growing policy learning literature focuses on a setting where the treatment assignment policy does not…

Smiles in Profiles: Improving Fairness and Efficiency Using Estimates of User Preferences in Online Marketplaces

Susan Athey, Dean Karlan, Emil Palikot, Yuan Yuan
November2022

Online platforms often face challenges being both fair (i.e., non-discriminatory) and efficient (i.e., maximizing revenue). Using computer vision algorithms and observational data from a microlending marketplace, we find that choices made by…

CAREER: Transfer Learning for Economic Prediction of Labor Sequence Data

Keyon Vafa, Emil Palikot, Tianyu Du, Ayush Kanodia, Susan Athey, David M. Blei
October2022

Labor economists regularly analyze employment data by fitting predictive models to small, carefully constructed longitudinal survey datasets. Although modern machine learning methods offer promise for such problems, these survey datasets are too…

Pure-Strategy Equilibrium in the Generalized First-Price Auction

Michael Ostrovsky, Andrzej Skrzypacz
October2022

We revisit the classic result on the (non-)existence of pure-strategy Nash equilibria in the Generalized First-Price Auction for sponsored search advertising and show that the conclusion may be reversed when ads are ranked based on the product of…

Strategic Foundations of Rational Expectations

Paulo Barelli, Srihari Govindan, Robert Wilson
August2022

We study an economy with traders whose payoffs are quasilinear and their private signals are informative about an unobserved state parameter. The limit economy has infinitely many traders partitioned into a finite set of symmetry classes called…

Engagement Maximization

Benjamin Hébert, Weijie Zhong
July12022

We consider the problem of a rational, Bayesian agent receiving signals over time for the purpose of taking an action. The agent chooses when to stop and take an action based on her current beliefs, and prefers (all else equal) to act sooner…

BONuS: Multiple Multivariate Testing with a Data-Adaptive Test Statistic

Chiao-Yu Yang, Lihua Lei, Nhat Ho, William Fithian
July2022

We propose a new adaptive empirical Bayes framework, the Bag-Of-Null-Statistics (BONuS) procedure, for multiple testing where each hypothesis testing problem is itself multivariate or nonparametric. BONuS is an adaptive and interactive knockoff-…

Capital Investment and Labor Demand

E. Mark Curtis, Daniel G. Garrett, Eric C. Ohrn, Kevin A. Roberts, Juan Carlos Suárez Serrato
June2022

We study how tax policies that lower the cost of capital impact investment and labor demand. Difference-in-differences estimates using confidential Census Data on manufacturing establishments show that tax policies increased both investment and…

The Race Between Tax Enforcement and Tax Planning: Evidence From a Natural Experiment in Chile

Sebastián Bustos, Dina Pomeranz, Juan Carlos Suárez Serrato, José Vila-Belda, Gabriel Zucman
June2022

Profit shifting by multinational corporations is thought to reduce tax revenue around the world. We analyze the introduction of standard regulations aimed at limiting profit shifting. Using administrative tax and customs data from Chile in…

Taxing Property in Developing Countries: Theory and Evidence from Mexico

Anne Brockmeyer, Alejandro Estefan, Karina Ramírez Arras, Juan Carlos Suárez Serrato
May2022

The property tax is the most under-utilized tax in developing countries. We evaluate the revenue and welfare effects of the main policy instruments used to raise property tax revenue: tax rate changes and enforcement. Using administrative data…

Testing for Outliers with Conformal p-values

Stephen Bates, Emmanuel Candès, Lihua Lei, Yaniv Romano, Matteo Sesia
May2022

This paper studies the construction of p-values for nonparametric outlier detection, taking a multiple-testing perspective. The goal is to test whether new independent samples belong to the same distribution as a reference data set or are…

Bargaining and International Reference Pricing in the Pharmaceutical Industry

Pierre Dubois, Ashvin Gandhi, Shoshana Vasserman
April2022

The United States spends twice as much per person on pharmaceuticals as European countries, in large part because prices are much higher in the US. This fact has led policymakers to consider legislation for price controls. This paper assesses the…

Conformalized Survival Analysis

Emmanuel Candès, Lihua Lei, Zhimei Ren
April2022

Existing survival analysis techniques heavily rely on strong modelling assumptions and are, therefore, prone to model misspecification errors. In this paper, we develop an inferential method based on ideas from conformal prediction, which can…

Voluntary Disclosure and Personalized Pricing

S. Nageeb Ali, Greg Lewis, Shoshana Vasserman
April2022

Firms have ever increasing access to consumer data, which they use to personalize their advertising and to price discriminate. This raises privacy concerns. Policymakers have argued in response that consumers should be given control over their…

Robust Bounds for Welfare Analysis

Zi Yang Kang, Shoshana Vasserman
2022

Economists routinely make functional form assumptions about consumer demand to obtain welfare estimates — often for convenience, tractability, or both. How sensitive are welfare estimates to these assumptions? In this paper, we answer this…

Where is Standard of Living the Highest? Local Prices and the Geography of Consumption

Rebecca Diamond, Enrico Moretti
December2021

Income differences across US cities are well documented, but little is known about the level of standard of living in each city — defined as the amount of market-based consumption that residents are able to afford. In this paper we provide…

Computationally Tractable Choice

Modibo Khane Camara
November2021

I incorporate computational constraints into decision theory in order to capture how cognitive limitations affect behavior. I impose an axiom of computational tractability that only rules out behaviors that are thought to be fundamentally hard. I…

Consistency of Spectral Clustering on Hierarchical Stochastic Block Models

Lihua Lei, Xiaodong Li, Xingmei Lou
November2021

We study the hierarchy of communities in real-world networks under a generic stochastic block model, in which the connection probabilities are structured in a binary tree. Under such model, a standard recursive bi-partitioning algorithm is…